third conditional

form - condition

if + subject + past perfect

result

affirmative

• subject + would ('d) + have + past participle - example: if she had studied harder, she would have passed the exam.

negative

• subject + wouldn't (would not) + have + past participle - example: if he hadn't missed the train, he wouldn't have been late.

interrogative

• would + subject + have + past participle? - example: would you have accepted the job if they had offered it to you?

use

• to talk about hypothetical situations in the past which did not happen - example: if i had known, i would have come to the party.
• to express regret for past actions, or criticism - example: she shouldn't have said that if she didn't mean it.

all conditionals: revision

zero

• condition - if + present simple - example: if it rains, the streets get wet.
• result - present simple - example: the sun rises if it gets dark.
• use - scientific facts and things that are always true. the time is always, now

first

• condition - if + present simple - example: if you study hard, you will pass the exam.
• result - will + base form (or other future forms) - example: she won't be happy if you forget her birthday.
• use - real situations or events and their possible consequences. the time is the future

second

• condition - if + past simple - example: if i won the lottery, i would travel around the world.
• result - would + base form - example: they would buy a new car if they had enough money.
• use - hypothetical situations which are improbable or impossible. the time is the present or future

third

• condition - if + past perfect - example: if she had studied more, she would have passed the test.
• result - would + have + past participle - example: we would have gone to the beach if it hadn't rained.
• use - hypothetical situations which did not happen. the time is the past